emmc启动及操作

2017-11-23 17:25| 发布者: 冰斩Resona| 查看: 928| 评论: 0|来自: 自创

类目： > 知识库文档编号: 150

xx18的SD卡烧写与启动

使用SD卡制作工具制作SD卡，SD卡制作之后有一个分区，其中文件为

ubootp.bin
boot.img
root.img
partmap.txt

拨码开关到SD之后，上电，CPU到SD卡加载ubootp.bin，并启动uboot

查看bootcmd命令

mmc rescan;
if test $bootdev = sd0;
  then mmc dev 0;
  if fatload mmc 0:1 48000000 partmap.txt;
   then update_sdcard mmc 0:1 48000000 partmap.txt;
  else
   ext4load mmc 2:1 0x48000000 uImage;
   ext4load mmc 2:1 0x49000000 root.img.gz;
   bootm 0x48000000;fi;
else
  ext4load mmc 2:1 0x48000000 uImage;
  ext4load mmc 2:1 0x49000000 root.img.gz;
  bootm 0x48000000;fi;

而bootdev在SD卡启动时为sd0，在mmc启动时为mmc

所以最重要的是fatload mmc 0:1 48000000 partmap.txt;命令

Usage:
update_mmc
- type : 2ndboot | boot | raw | part

update_mmc boot 'mem' 'addr' 'length' [load addr]
    - update data 'length' add boot header(512) on 'mem' to device addr,
      and set jump addr with 'load addr'
      if no [load addr], set jump addr default u-boot _TEXT_BASE_

update_mmc raw 'mem' 'addr' 'length'
- update data 'length' on 'mem' to device addr.

update_mmc part 'mem' 'part no' 'length'
- update partition image 'length' on 'mem' to mmc 'part no'.

Note.
- All numeric parameters are assumed to be hex.

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
update_mmc命令：更新mmc数据

举例：
update_mmc 2 2ndboot 0x48000000 0x200 0x78000
update_mmc [设备号] [分区格式] [内存起始地址] [mmc起始地址] [长度大小]

含义：
从内存的[内存起始地址]开始读取数据,将读取到的数据写入[设备号]的mmc的[mmc起始地址]，写[长度大小]这么大！
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

举例
update_mmc 2 part 48000000 1 c920b8
update_mmc [设备号] part [内存起始地址] [分区号] [长度大小]

含义：
从内存的[内存起始地址]开始读取数据,将读取到的数据写入[设备号]的mmc的[分区号]的首地址，写[长度大小]这么大！

update_sdcard：- Image Update from SDCard

Usage:
update_sdcard update_sdcard []
ex> update_sdcard mmc 0:1 48000000 partmap.txt
    - inte**ce : mmc
    - dev       : mmc channel
    - part      : partition number
    - addr      : image load address
    - filename : partition map file
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
partmap.txt 文件格式

flash=mmc,2:uboot:2nd:0x200,0x78000:ubootp.bin;

flash=mmc,2:boot:ext4:0x00100000,0x04000000:boot.img;
flash=mmc,2:system:ext4:0x04100000,0x2F200000:root.img;

flash=mmc,2:data:ext4:0x33300000,0:data.img;

————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

update_sdcard命令：从SDCard更新镜像

举例：
flash=mmc,2 :uboot :2nd :0x200 ,0x78000 :ubootp.bin;

flash=mmc,[设备号]:[名称]:[格式]:[mmc起始地址],[长度大小]:[文件名称];
含义：
将[文件名称]以[格式]烧写到[设备号]的mmc中，[mmc起始地址]，大小为[长度大小]

switch to partitions #0, OK      <----------------切换mmc设备，切换到emmc
mmc2(part 0) is current device
** Not find partition magic number **
Warn : [uboot] make new partitions ....
fdisk 2 3: 0x100000:0x4000000 0x4100000:0x2f200000 0x33300000:0x0 <----------------为设备号为2的mmc设备重新分3个区，3个分区的起始地址:大小
fdisk : DONE
=============================================================《《------------------------从这里开始调用的update_sdcard命令来烧写，partmap.txt文件在0x48000000
304992 bytes read in 19 ms (15.3 MiB/s)
update_mmc 2 2ndboot 0x48000000 0x200 0x4a760
switch to partitions #0, OK
mmc2(part 0) is current device
head boot dev = 2
update mmc.2 type 2ndboot = 0x200(0x1) ~ 0x4a760(0x254): Done  <----------------注意：此地方的~后面的长度为烧写文件的实际大小，如ubootp.bin为297k，0x4a760也是297k
Flash : ubootp.bin - DONE
=============================================================
13181112 bytes read in 550 ms (22.9 MiB/s)
update_mmc 2 part 48000000 1 c920b8     <----------------从内存的0x48000000开始读取数据,将读取到的数据写入设备号为2的mmc的分区号为1的首地址，写[c920b8]这么大！
switch to partitions #0, OK
mmc2(part 0) is current device
update mmc.2 compressed ext4 = 0x100000(2048) ~ 0xc920b8(25745): Done <----------------注意：数量换算方法，13181112 bytes=0xc920b8<=25745*512
Flash : boot.img - DONE
=============================================================
302120864 bytes read in 12550 ms (23 MiB/s)
update_mmc 2 part 48000000 2 1201ffa0     <----------------从内存的0x48000000开始读取数据,将读取到的数据写入设备号为2的mmc的分区号为1的首地址，写[1201ffa0]这么大！
switch to partitions #0, OK
mmc2(part 0) is current device
update mmc.2 compressed ext4 = 0x4100000(133120) ~ 0x1201ffa0(590080): Done
Flash : root.img - DONE
=============================================================
update done...

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 7818 MB, 7818182656 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 950 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

        Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks Id System
/dev/mmcblk0p1               1           9       65536 83 Linux <----------------此地的Blocks为linux的块，单位为1k bytes，Start和END的单位是Units的大小，为8225280 bytes
Partition 1 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?): <----------------65536*1k=64M
     phys=(0, 1, 1) logical=(0, 32, 33)
Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(1023, 254, 63) logical=(8, 73, 1)
/dev/mmcblk0p2               9         105      772096 83 Linux
Partition 2 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?): <----------------772096*1k=754M
     phys=(0, 1, 1) logical=(8, 73, 2)
Partition 2 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(1023, 254, 63) logical=(104, 103, 63)
/dev/mmcblk0p3             105         951     6796288 83 Linux
Partition 3 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?): <----------------6796288*1k=6637M
     phys=(0, 1, 1) logical=(104, 104, 1)
Partition 3 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(1023, 254, 63) logical=(950, 129, 11)

Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot1: 4 MB, 4194304 bytes
4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 128 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes

Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot1 doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot0: 4 MB, 4194304 bytes
4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 128 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes

Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot0 doesn't contain a valid partition table
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
大小公式可以这样表示

（65536+772096+6796288）*1k bytes≈951*8225280 bytes≈7818182656 bytes
**************************************************************************************************************************
针对最新的文件系统：是以Units和Blocks为大小计数单位的，Units单位为8225280 bytes，Blocks单位为1024 bytes
【以下内容是经过修改之后的】

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 7456 MB, 7818182656 bytes, 15269888 sectors
950 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track
Units: cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device       Boot StartCHS    EndCHS        StartLBA     EndLBA    Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/mmcblk0p1    0,1,1       1023,254,63       2048     133119     131072 64.0M 83 Linux  <----------------131072*512 bytes=65536k bytes=64M
Partition 1 has different physical/logical start (non-Linux?):
     phys=(0,1,1) logical=(0,32,33)
Partition 1 has different physical/logical end:
     phys=(1023,254,63) logical=(8,73,1)
/dev/mmcblk0p2    0,1,1       1023,254,63     133120   15269887   15136768 7391M 83 Linux  <----------------15136768*512 bytes=7750025216k bytes=7391M
Partition 2 has different physical/logical start (non-Linux?):
     phys=(0,1,1) logical=(8,73,2)
Partition 2 has different physical/logical end:
     phys=(1023,254,63) logical=(950,129,11)
Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot1: 4 MB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
128 cylinders, 4 heads, 16 sectors/track
Units: cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes

Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot1 doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot0: 4 MB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
128 cylinders, 4 heads, 16 sectors/track
Units: cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes

Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot0 doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/mmcblk1: 7580 MB, 7948206080 bytes, 15523840 sectors
1021 cylinders, 245 heads, 62 sectors/track
Units: cylinders of 15190 * 512 = 7777280 bytes

s5p4418# mmc part

Partition Map for MMC device 2 -- Partition Type: DOS

Part    Start Sector    Num Sectors     UUID            Type
1     2048            131072          00000000-01     83 <----------------131072*512 bytes=65536k bytes=64M
2     133120          1544192         00000000-02     83 <----------------1544192*512 bytes=772096k bytes=754M
3     1677312         13592576        00000000-03     83 <----------------13592576*512 bytes=6796288k bytes=6637M

**************************************************************************************************************************
**************************************************************************************************************************
**************************************************************************************************************************
**************************************************************************************************************************
**************************************************************************************************************************
**************************************************************************************************************************

Filesystem           Type            Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/root            ext4          742.1M    286.7M    455.5M 39% /
devtmpfs             devtmpfs      376.2M         0    376.2M   0% /dev
tmpfs                tmpfs         376.3M         0    376.3M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                tmpfs         376.3M    104.0K    376.2M   0% /tmp
tmpfs                tmpfs         376.3M     24.0K    376.3M   0% /run

关于为嵌入式Linux拓展文件系统大小的方法

首先确保
root.img所在分区够大
其次
root.img中解压之后所占空间要大

关于第一个问题：

修改partmap.txt，适用于制作SD镜像烧写卡

flash=mmc,2:uboot:2nd:0x200,0x78000:ubootp.bin;

flash=mmc,2:boot:ext4:0x00100000,0x04000000:boot.img;
flash=mmc,2:system:ext4:0x04100000,0x0:root.img;

用此烧写卡，会执行以下分区命令

fdisk 2 3: 0x100000:0x4000000 0x4100000:0x2f200000 0x33300000:0x0 <----------------为设备号为2的mmc设备重新分3个区，3个分区的起始地址:大小

关于第二个问题：

在生成root.img的脚本中修改

./make_ext4fs -s -T -I -l 5368709120 root.img ./tmproot/rootfs
|
|______此数字为文件系统所占空间大小，单位是Bytes，5*1024*1024*1024

此时再进入文件系统可以看到

# df -Th
Filesystem           Type            Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/root            ext4            4.9G    286.3M      4.6G   6% /
devtmpfs             devtmpfs      376.2M         0    376.2M   0% /dev
tmpfs                tmpfs         376.3M         0    376.3M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                tmpfs         376.3M     56.0K    376.2M   0% /tmp
tmpfs                tmpfs         376.3M     20.0K    376.3M   0% /run

需要澄清的是，从厂家出来的eMMC 主要由这几个部分组成：

1.    BOOT Area Partition 1
2.    BOOT Area Partition 2
3.    RPMB
4.    User Data Area
5.    Vender private area

飞凌4418只是划分了三个分区
1.    BOOT Area Partition 1
2.    BOOT Area Partition 2
3.    User Data Area

但是只是使用了User Data Area分区：

uboodp.bin 使用了0x200（地址）,0x78000（大小） emmc物理块（0x01）

boot.img 使用了0x00100000,0x04000000 emmc物理块（2048）

root.img 使用了0x04100000,0x0 emmc物理块（133120）

已解决

未解决

只是看看

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emmc启动及操作

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